Brief：In recent years, the Center for Historical Geographical Studies employed jointly the methodologies of geography, history, sociology and ecology during its expeditions along the Silk Road. By sorting systematically related materials in the historical literature and combing multiple means such as expedition, archeological materials and GPS survey, the center has documented information about the location, the size, the transport dynamics and the environment of the ancient city, making considerable supplementary contribution to the actual historical records. It also seeks clues as to some open questions concerning the Silk Road. With the unearthed silk fabrics from multiple archeological sites such as Wuwei, Dunhuang, Loulan, Niya, Turpan, Kuqa, Baicheng as well as Central Asia, Egypt and Syria, the importance of land routes between China and the West in facilitating the silk trade and cultural exchange can be further proved and emphasized. With regard to the Northwest route, the center has effectuated several expeditions in Pamir Mountains, Hexi Corridor, Mu Us Desert and Heihe River Basin. The latest expedition is carried out by the center in Tibet amply manifests the importance of field trip for the understanding of border areas in the west and the Southwest Silk Road.